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Canadianization movement
Canadianization or the Canadianization movement refers partly to a campaign launched at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada in 1968 by Robin Mathews and James Steele. The purpose of the campaign was to ensure that Carleton as an employer treated Canadian citizens equitably and that Canadians would remain or become at least a two-thirds majority of the teaching staff. Although Carleton was the particular institution addressed in the recommendations of Mathews and Steele, they were concerned about fairness for Canadian scholars in the hiring practices of all Canadian universities and about a lack of Canadian content in many courses. Although their recommendations were rejected at Carleton, concern about Canadianization was widespread. Eventually, all universities in Canada were required by the Canadian government to follow employment practices that were more fair for Canadians, and the number and percentage of courses with Canadian content in Canadian universities increased remarkably. The problem of Canadianization was the subject of a three-volume report prepared by the Commission on Canadian Studies chaired by Professor T.H.B. Symons (formerly President of Trent University). Between 1960 and 1980, many other cultural organizations “Canadianized” in one way or another. The movement has remained a subject of discussion in recent years, and the term “Canadianization” has been applied, often retrospectively, to analogous or similar movements.
== The meeting at Carleton and five motions ==
"Canadianization" or the “Canadianization Movement" began when two Carleton professors circulated recommendations in a memorandum addressed to all members of the Carleton University Academic Staff Association (C.U.A.S.A.).〔“Memorandum to C.U.A.S.A. on de-Canadianization … .” in ''The Struggle for Canadian Universities: A Dossier'' eds. Robin Mathews and James Steele (Toronto: New Press, 1969), 15-20.〕 This document noted there was strong evidence that Canadian citizens were becoming a rapidly diminishing proportion of the faculties of arts and science in Canadian Universities and requested a meeting of C.U.A.S.A. to discuss five remedial motions.〔''Struggle''. 19-20.〕 Mathews and Steele first asked the University to ensure that, in hiring new professors, Canadian citizens would eventually form a two-thirds majority of faculty. Because this motion had no time limit, its recommendation was for a goal not a quota.〔See also “The Problem: a Statement by the Editors.” ''Struggle.'' 7.〕 The second motion recommended that, before the appointment of a non-Canadian, a vacancy be well advertised in Canada. The other three asked that Canadian citizenship be made a necessary qualification for all future appointments to administrative positions, that Carleton keep a record of the citizenship of faculty, and that the Canadian Association of University Teachers (C.A.U.T.) gather information about the citizenship-composition of Canadian universities and “consider the formulation of a national policy with respect to this matter.” Adoption of these measures was intended to assure the place of Canadians as faculty members at Carleton University.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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